Field observations on hyperconcentrated flows in mountain torrents

Streams, Flows and Torrents

RTFM (RFCs 2720-2724) considers network traffic as being made up of bidirectional flows, which are arbitrary groupings of packets defined only by attributes of their end-points. This paper extends RTFM’s view of traffic by adding two further concepts, streams and torrents. Streams are individual IP sessions (e.g. TCP or UDP) between ports on pairs of hosts, while a torrent refers to all traffic...

Hyperconcentrated 1D Shallow Flows on Fixed Bed with Geometrical Source Term Due to a Bottom Step

Free-surface, two-phase flows constituted by water and a significant concentration of sediments (i.e. hyperconcentrated flows), are often studied under the classical 1D shallowwater assumptions. This paper deals with the problem of the numerical simulation of this type of flows in presence of a geometrical source term caused by a discontinuity in the bed. Since we work in the framework of the f...

Field observations on population fluctuations of chicory aphids 1970

Application of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) roots to determine erosion rates in mountain torrents

Due to the effect of global change, the potential risk of natural hazards occurring in alpine areas is expected to increase to an even higher risklevel than has been recorded during the last century. These global changes potentially also have distinct influences on fluvial processes in torrents causing erosion on slopes and riverbanks in forested areas. Dating the time of root exposure along ri...

Fuzzy Formative Scenario Analysis for woody material transport related risks in mountain torrents

Extreme torrent events in alpine regions have clearly shown a variety of process patterns involving morphological changes due to increased local erosion and deposition phenomena, and clogging of critical flow sections due to woody material accumulations. Simulation models and design procedures currently used in hazard and risk assessment are only partially able to explain these hydrological cau...